Mois: mars 2013
Lewis (nc), « Sustainable camping at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia : overcoming methodological challenges »
Résumé / Summary : This paper outlines issues relating to campsite assesment along the Ningaloo coastline, Western Australia. A solution to methodological challenges, through the utilisation of both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques are suggested. The Ningaloo coastline is gaining popularity as a remote camping destination in Western Australia. Camping activities in this semi-arid environment are largely unrestricted, and gradual environmental degradation is observable in many locations. The following factors make the Ningaloo camping experience unique within Australia: A remote, semi-arid environment; multiple management/ownership of land; off-road vehicle accessibility to campsites; elaborate camp set-ups (often with a campervan and four-wheel drive); and the long average length of stay (47 days). Existing literature largely focuses on camping impacts within a wilderness environment, with short visitor stays, pedestrian-only access and a single management regime.
This research will undertake an initial environmental assessment of sample campsites within different locations along the Ningaloo coast. Campers’ daily activities, resource (water, energy) use and waste production will also be determined. This research is highly significant from a local and regional perspective, given government plans to develop multiple camping ‘nodes’ along the Ningaloo coast by 2015. The data will therefore contribute to a stronger understanding of campsite sustainability, with regard to campsite placement and facilities. This research will also address information gaps within the field of recreation ecology.
Mots-clefs / Keywords : Australia, environmental impacts, methods, Ningaloo, recreation
Auteurs / Authors : A.R. Lewis
Année : nc
Références / References : Lewis (nc), « Sustainable camping at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia : overcoming methodological challenges », MMV4 proceedings – Management
Sources / Lien / Link : A.R. Lewis is with Curtin University and the Australian, Commonwealth Scientific and Research Organisation (CSIRO). E-mail: annarlewis@hotmail.com
Clark & al. (2009), « Values, Behavior, and Conflict in Modern Camping Culture »
Résumé / Summary : Research findings suggest that campers and managers subscribe to similar goals associated with camping, but they disagree about the types of activities appropriate to attaining those goals. In addition, there seem to be important differences in the way both groups perceive behavioral problems in campgrounds. Campers express less concern than managers about problems such as vandalism, theft, and nuisance behaviors. These differences are thought to be attributed to the social goals and urban behavior patterns of campers compared to the more traditional, natural environment-oriented expectations for camping behavior held by recreation managers. Certain changes in recreation user populations and in the organization of public campgrounds are discussed in relation to behavior problems. A strategy is recommended to avert problems inherent in continued change in the camping scene.
Mots-clefs / Keywords :
Auteurs / Authors : Clark, Roger N; Hendee, John C; Campbell, Frederick L.
Année : 2009
Références / References : Clark & al. (2009), « Values, Behavior, and Conflict in Modern Camping Culture », Journal of Leisure Research 41. 3 (Third Quarter 2009): 377-393
Sources / Lien / Link : ProQuest
Government of the Northwest Territories (2008), « Exploring Attitudes towards Camping, Recreation and Parks among Canada’s Growing Immigrant Populations »
Résumé / Summary : As seen in general population research conducted for other Ipsos Reid’s clients on places such as Northern Ontario, cultural attitudes towards a traditional Canadian wilderness experience, be it camping and/or visiting parks tends to be derived from two distinct thought processes:
- The Rational – usually based on reason, experience and tangible and/or physical attributes.
- The Emotional – usually based on perception and feel and articulated as a state-of-mind rather than a relationship with a particular event of place.
Overall, these two distinct thought processes tend to fit into decidedly positive and negative perceptions.
Mots-clefs / Keywords :
Auteurs / Authors : IPSOS Reid Public Affairs
Année : 2008
Références / References : Government of the Northwest Territories (2008), « Exploring Attitudes towards Camping, Recreation and Parks among Canada’s Growing Immigrant Populations », IPSOS Reid Public Affairs
Sources / Lien / Link :
TNS Canadian Fact (2009), « Quantitative study of attitures toward Camping, recreation and parks among Canada’s immigrant population »
Résumé / Summary : The composition of the Canadian population is changing rapidly with baby boomers approaching retirement and immigration primarily driving population growth. More than 200,000 immigrants move to Canada each year currently, up from an average of 125,000 annually during the 1980s. Immigration is an increasingly important component of net population growth in Canada. According to Statistics Canada, immigration represents close to 70% of current population growth, up dramatically from the mid 1970s when less than 20% of population growth was attributable to immigration.
The make-up of Canada’s immigrants has also changed in recent years with the majority coming from Asia rather than Europe. The top origin countries among Canadian immigrants between 2001 and 2006 were China (155,000), India (129,000) and the Philippines (78,000). Eighty percent of all recent immigrants choose to settle in Canada’s five largest urban centres. The changing make-up of the Canadian population, particularly in urban areas, impacts many government services including parks and recreation. Statistics from across Canada show park visitation is holding steady or is on the decline. Thus, encouraging new Canadians to visit parks and wilderness areas is a focus for the Government of the Northwest Territories (GNWT), Tourism BC, and Ontario Parks (referred to the Partners in this report). These organizations funded a qualitative study, “Exploring Attitudes toward Camping, Recreation, and Parks among Canada’s Growing Immigrant Population – Phase 1” in 2008. This research provided valuable insights into immigrants’ attitudes about camping, recreation, and parks.
Mots-clefs / Keywords :
Auteurs / Authors : TNS Canadian Facts
Année : 2009
Références / References : TNS Canadian Fact (2009), « Quantitative study of attitures toward Camping, recreation and parks among Canada »s immigrant population », Government of the NWT Department of Industry, Tourism and Investment – Tourism Division and Partners – R1432/MA/DG
Sources / Lien / Link : infocanada@tns-global.com – http://www.tns-global.com
Mésini (2011), « Quelle reconnaissance de l’habitat léger, mobile et éphémère »
Résumé / Summary : Quelle reconnaissance de l’habitat léger, mobile et éphémère ? Implant.s en milieu rural, les habitats légers offrent un mode de vie alternatif . la maison individuelle, . la carence de logement social et . l’inadaptation de l’habitat d’urgence, dans un contexte prégnant de crises .conomique, sociale et .cologique. Dans un premier temps, nous présenterons des associations de cr.ation r.cente, mobilis.es sur la d.fense et la promotion de ces modes d’habitats, . travers une définition endogne de leurs statuts, de leurs objets et des t.moignages de leurs membres. Nous verrons qu’au-del. des dynamiques d’auto et d’.construction, les expériences privil.gient l’autonomie globale d’individus-acteurs, participant largement d’une relocalisation d’activit.s pluriculturelles dans des territoires en d.prise. . bien des .gards, les aménagements et constructions r.alis.s sont le produit de savoirs vernaculaires, d’une architecture . de cueillette ., d’une technique multiséculaire mais aussi de mat.riaux locaux, qui réenchérissent le passé dans le futur. Dans un second temps, nous objectiverons les conflits politiques et juridiques portant sur l’interprétation et l’application de la l.gislation sur l’habitat HLL et RML, en raison de l’amalgame dans l’application de r.gles d’urbanisme, de protection de la nature, de viabilité, de salubrité, de sécurité et d’ordre public. Enfin, nous montrerons qu’en raison des imprécisions et lacunes du droit positif, les juges sont enclins . mobiliser la lettre ou l’esprit des lois, en faisant parfois appel . des sources autonomes du droit.
Abstract : How do we acknowledge lightweight, mobile and temporary housing ? Implanted in rural areas, lightweight housing and mobile housing, offer an alternative lifestyle to individual housing, and are sometimes an answer to the lack or inadequacy of social housing and emergency accommodation, in a context of heavy economic, social and ecological crises. At first, I shall briefly present a few recent associations, which promote and defend these new ways of living, through an emic definition of their status, and the words of their members. We shall see that through this type of housing, the actors’ global autonomy is increased, and participates widely in relocating multisecular activities in impoverished areas. In many respects, planning and constructions which are thus realized are the result of a vernacular knowledge, an architecture fit for “gatherers”, taking source in ancient techne which encourages the use of local materials, and re-entwines past and future. Secondly, we shall bring to light political and legal conflicts concerning the interpretation of the law with regard to light and mobile shelter, as well as the confusion, within the administrations, in the application of rules concerning town planning, nature protection, viability, health requirements, safety and law and order. Finally, we shall show that because of lack of precision or certain loop holes in the substantive law, judges refer either literally to the law or to its intention, and sometimes have to base their judgment on autonomous sources of law.
Mots-clefs / Key words :
Habitats l.gers, mobiles et r.versibles, associations, alternatives, r.gime juridique, judiciarisation, droit . l’exprimentation, expulsion
Mobil and reversible homes, associations, alternatives, legal framework, judicialisation, right to experiment, expulsion
Auteurs / Authors : Béatrice Mésini
Année : 2011
Références / References : Béatrice Mésini, « Quelle reconnaissance de l’habitat léger, mobile et éphémère ? », Techniques & Culture [En ligne], 56-2011/1 | 2011, mis en ligne le 30 novembre 2011, Consulté le 07 juin 2012.
Sources / Lien / Link : URL : http://tc.revues.org/5742
Young (2009), « ‘A Contradiction in Democratic Government’: W. J. Trent, Jr., and the Struggle to Desegregate National Park Campgrounds,” Environmental History »
Résumé / Summary : Camping began in the nineteenth century as an elite form of pilgrimage to the wild but the arrival of inexpensive automobiles in the early twentieth century greatly expanded camping’s social diversity. The change was not universally embraced, especially when African Americans were involved, and the issue came to a head during the 1930s after two racially segregated national parks were opened in southern states.
As complaints flowed in, William J. Trent, Jr., became adviser for Negro affairs to Interior Secretary Harold L. Ickes. He had no special interest in the outdoors or national parks, but Trent championed increased African American access to the parks and an end to discrimination in them. NPS leadership resisted Trent’s efforts until Secretary Ickes ordered them to create one nonsegregated demonstration area in Shenandoah National Park in 1939. The policy was extended to other areas in 1941 and the next year, with World War II shifting into high gear, campground and other forms of segregation were ended throughout the park system.
Mots-clefs / Keywords :
Auteurs / Authors : Terence Young
Année : 2009
Références / References : Terence Young (2009), “‘A Contradiction in Democratic Government’: W. J. Trent, Jr., and the Struggle to Desegregate National Park Campgrounds,” Environmental History 14 – pp.651-682
Sources / Lien / Link :
Brooker et al. (2011), « Innovation within the Australian outdoor hospitality parks Industry »
Résumé / Summary :
Purpose – Traditional innovation typologies within the extant literature are not compatible with the innovation levels found within the Australian outdoor hospitality parks (OHP) sector, given its tourism and small business characteristics. This paper seeks to introduce an innovation typology specific to the Australian OHP sector.
Design/methodology/approach – A two-phase qualitative research method was employed, whereby 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with OHP operators/administrators who were identified as being “innovative” by four industry executives. Based on the 30 interviews carried out in Phase 1, six industry individuals who demonstrated a wider and deeper approach to innovation than the others were further interviewed in Phase 2.
Findings – A small percentage of Australian OHP industry operators and executive officers showcase a level of innovation that is beyond incremental in character, but is not radical, revolutionary or disruptive. This group of “strategic innovators” are the first to adopt ideas from other sources and adapt them to fit within the Australian context. These new ideas are introduced in three- to four-year increments, providing the individuals with sufficient time to assess the market’s reaction to the changes, and to measure increased value to their situation. The three- to four-year time span dovetails with the length of time taken by the majority of competitors to imitate the new concepts.
Originality/value – The paper introduces an innovation typology applicable to the Australian outdoor hospitality parks sector.
Mots-clefs / Keywords : Outdoor hospitality park, Caravan park, Innovation, Typology,Australia, Leisure activities, Hospitality management
Auteurs / Authors : Edward Brooker, Marion Joppe, Michael C.G. Davidson and Kathy Marles
Année : 2011
Références / References : Brooker et al. (2011), « Innovation within the Australian outdoor hospitality parks Industry », International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management – Vol. 24 No. 5, 2012, pp. 682-700 – DOI 10.1108/09596111211237246
Sources / Lien / Link : http://www.emeraldinsight.com/0959-6119.htm
Camping References 